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Dubai on Thames? … the London skyline. Photograph: Dan Kitwood/Getty Images
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Horror storeys: the 10 worst London skyscrapers
From St Pauls to
the Gherkin, London's
skyline is full of history – and character. Will the new tower frenzy spoil all
that? Oliver Wainwright lists his top 10 worst upstarts
Oliver
Wainwright
London is growing up!" trumpets a
sign in the window of the New London Architecture centre. Inside, there's a
forest of sticks and stumps, blobs and lumps – just some of the novelty
silhouettes due to appear on the city's skyline over the coming years. There
are more than 230 such towers in the pipeline, a figure that shocked even the
city's deputy mayor for business, who might be thought to know about such
things.
Sprouting
over every corner of the city, most are of an architectural quality that
recalls the outskirts of Dubai
or Shenzhen. The overall impression is of an unplanned free-for-all, a
steroidal frenzy of building tall, with little attention to individual design
quality, or the cumulative effect that these scattered hulks might have on the
city.
The
Planning Decisions Unit of the Greater London Authority, the body responsible
for greenlighting these schemes, begs to differ. "It is simply not true to
say these towers haven't been planned," says director Colin Wilson.
"They have been very carefully planned. But we prefer to use a flexible
framework, rather than a rigid masterplan. This liberty is what makes London successful."
The London
Plan, the mayor's rulebook for development across the capital, supports tall
buildings where they "create attractive landmarks enhancing London's character".
It states that such developments "should be of the highest design quality
… attractive to look at and, where appropriate, inspire, excite and
delight".
So how are
these rules shaping up in reality? Here, we give our verdict on 10 new towers,
built and imminent, counting down to the very worst offender
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10. 1 Merchant Square
Location: Paddington Basin | Floors: 42 | Height: 140m |
Architect: Robin Partington | Status: approved | Use: residential and hotel
Already
home to a motley collection of brash waterside blocks, all competing for
attention with their jazzy cladding, Paddington
Basin will soon be joined by Westminster's first
skyscraper, in the form of this shiny blue cucumber. Designed by Robin Partington,
architect of the Carbuncle Cup-winning Strata and the giant ground-scraping
slug of Park House on Oxford
Street, its apartments will apparently represent
the "height of luxury living". Clad in a "midnight-blue ceramic
rainscreen", this plump cousin of the Gherkin (in which Partington also
had a hand) appears to be bursting out of its corset of "white porcelain
ribs", which overshoot the penthouse skybar to form a tacky tiara on the
skyline.
The GLA
planners said: "An attractive form and a high-quality finish, and the
impact of the building would be positive
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9.
Canaletto
Location: City Road | Floors:
31 | Height: 100m | Architect: UN Studio | Status: on site | Use: Residential.
"Designed
by genius", proclaim the billboards on City Road. "An architectural
masterwork." Behind these slogans rises a concrete lift shaft that will
soon service some of the most expensive penthouses in London. This is Canaletto, a tower designed
by Professor Ben van Berkel of Dutch practice UN Studio, and one of the most
hyped apartment buildings of recent times. With fat silvery frames wrapping
around groups of floors in a vain attempt to break up the sheer bulk, it looks
like a stack of hard drives or the back of a computer server – an accidental
nod to the nearby Silicon Roundabout. The first of an unintended cluster, it
has opened the doors for a thicket of forthcoming towers by Foster and Make,
rising to more than half its height again.
The GLA
planners said: "The materials used provide a homely feel to the building,
reflecting its residential use as well as responding positively to the
surrounding conservation areas."
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8. Helix
Location: Canary Wharf
| Floors: 35/29 | Height: 122/104m | Architect: Make & Darling Associates |
Status: approved | Use: residential
Standing on
top of a drive-through McDonald's like two oversized air ducts conjoined by a
knotted tangle of wiring, the Helix towers will be a bizarre addition to Canary
Wharf – a place increasingly choked by plans for silly silhouettes, each trying
to stand out among the forest of corporate slabs. Designed by Make – no
strangers to dressing up mindless buildings in novelty outfits – the two
cylindrical towers will be connected at certain floors by sinuous metallic
bands, supporting a series of "sky gardens" for a chosen few flats.
Described by its developer, the real-estate arm of McDonald's, as "an
intricate landmark project", you can't help feeling they've missed a
trick: wouldn't a giant pair of golden arches be better?
The GLA
planners said: "The images and elevation detail indicate a design that is
unique and high quality."
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7. Imperial
West
Location: White City
| Floors: 35 | Height: 141m | Architect: PLP | Status: approved | Use:
residential
Terracotta
wedge … Imperial West tower
The
lumbering west-London cousin of Richard Rogers' Cheesegrater, the Imperial West
will stand as an angular wedge on the skyline, a terracotta Dalek looming above
the terraced streets of north Kensington. It is intended to be a
"gateway" to London for those driving
into town along the Westway, and a "landmark" for Imperial College's
new campus at White
City, announcing the
presence of a "new ecosystem for research and innovation". So will it
contain a thrilling world of skylabs and experiments in the clouds, scientists
liberated from their windowless basements? Alas, no. It is another a silo of
luxury flats, to be sold to fund the rest of the development, over which the
tower will cast a long shadow. A local campaign group, Imperial Folly, says it
"will be remembered for many years for destroying the western skyline for
all those living in this part of London".
The GLA
planners said: "[It will] provide a striking skyline feature and
distinctive focal point that could contribute to local legibility."
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6. Vauxhall Tower
Location:
Vauxhall | Floors: 50 | Height: 181m | Architect: Broadway Malyan | Status:
built | Use: residential.
Like a
cigarette stubbed out by the Thames, the
Vauxhall's lonely stump looks cast adrift, a piece of Pudong that's lost its
way. It was generally agreed to be in the wrong place, sprouting slap-bang in
the middle of the view from Westminster
Bridge, and was refused
permission. John Prescott, then a deputy PM keen to leave his own mark on the
skyline, called the scheme in and gave it permission in 2005 – against strong
warnings from his advisers that it "could set a precedent for the
indiscriminate scattering of very tall buildings across London". How right they were. It has
since opened the floodgates for second-rate totems that will soon turn this
part of the river into mayor Boris Johnson's nightmare of "Dubai on Thames".
The GLA
planners said: "The new tower is likely to result in an improvement in
visual terms … it would be a welcome addition to the riverside and skyline."
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5. Stratford Halo
Photograph: Martin Godwin for the Guardian
Location: Stratford | Floors: 43 |
Height: 133m | Architect: Stock Woolstencroft | Status: built | Use:
residential.
Like flies
to a compost heap, developers swarmed to Stratford
in the runup to the 2012 Olympics, each determined to build the "gateway
to the Games" and cash in on the legacy gold-rush. Paying over the odds
for small plots, they had to go tall to claw back profits. The result is a
physical bar chart of inflated land values: steroidal towers now march down the
high street, each trying to be more iconic than the next, forming a shouty
gauntlet of cheap coloured cladding panels and bolt-on balconies. The Stratford
Halo, at 43 storeys, is the biggest and boldest, wrapped with dubious purple
pinstripes and topped with a jaunty quiff – and hosting a gaudy light show by
night.
What the
GLA planners said: "It has the potential to contribute towards the consolidation
of a cluster of tall buildings at Stratford
and the enhancement of its skyline."
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4. Strata
Location:
Elephant and Castle | Floors: 43 | Height: 147m | Architect: BFLS | Status:
built | Use: residential.
Strata
Photograph:
View Pictures/UIG via Getty Images
If south
London had always felt a bit like Mordor to some, then that reputation was
firmly cemented by the arrival of its very own Dark Tower in 2010, topped with
no fewer than three Eyes of Sauron in the form of wind turbines – which have
remained stationary ever since. Variously compared to a knuckleduster
aggressively punching at the skies, or an electric razor waiting to give the
clouds a quick trim, the Strata, with its sinisterly sculpted peak, has
certainly put Elephant and Castle on the map. Dressed in a sporty livery of black
and white stripes, it was the deserved winner of the Carbuncle Cup for the
worst building of the year, "for services to greenwash [those three wind
turbines have never moved], urban impropriety and sheer breakfast-extracting
ugliness".
What the
GLA planners said: "The proposal is welcome, as it will initiate the
regeneration of Elephant and Castle … the scheme should provide a positive
addition to the London
skyline."
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3.
Walkie-Talkie
Location:
City of London
| Floors: 36 | Height: 160m | Architect: Rafael Viñoly | Status: Under
construction | Use: office
The
Walkie-Talkie
Photograph:
Stuart Forster/REX
Trumpeted
as "the building with more up top", the Walkie-Talkie swells as it
rises to pack in more office space at the upper levels, where rents can be
higher, giving it the shape of a bulging pint glass. As a literal diagram of
developers' greed, it provides the painful proof that form follows not function
but finance. An aberration of the planning system, the building stands alone
outside the planned City cluster, like the school bully expelled from the
classroom, poking its unwelcome bulk into the skyline from almost every
possible vista. Not content with looming aggressively above its neighbours and
blocking out their light, the Walkie-Talkie has even scorched them with its own
death ray – channeling the sun in its concave facade to temperatures capable of
melting cars.
The GLA
planners said: "The quality of the design would make a significant
contribution to London's
architecture and reinforce the distinctiveness that other tall schemes have
contributed to the City skyline."
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2. The
Odalisk
Location:
Croydon | Floors: 55 | Height: 199m | Architect: CZWG | Status: approved | Use:
residential and hotel
"The
days of drab grey buildings are at an end," pronounced Piers Gough when he
unveiled his design for the Odalisk, a self-consciously whacky totem pole for
Croydon, planned to house a four-star Intercontinental Hotel and luxury serviced
apartments within in its lumpen shell. Looking as if it has suffered a severe
mauling from a Rottweiler, the tower appears to have been ripped to pieces and
stitched back together in the wrong way, standing as a monstrous Frankenstein
concoction. A looping bronzed band swoops and swirls up and down the building,
gouging out great gashes here and there, cutting slippery fissures into the
facade, before flaring out in a graceless canopy above the street.
The GLA
planners said: "The projecting and recessing features are strong elements
that help add depth and character."
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1. The
Quill
Location:
Southwark | Floors: 31 | Height: 109m | Architect: SPARRC | Status: approved |
Use: student accommodation
What would
a building look like if it had a fight with a gigantic porcupine, and the
porcupine won? You can get some idea by looking at plans for the Quill, a great
silver cliff-face of a thing that will sport a broken assortment of spines on
its top. This ungainly hulk was miraculously granted permission by Southwark
council's planning committee, who described it as "dynamic" and
"dramatic", no doubt wooed by the architect's claims that the form
was "inspired by the literary heritage" of the borough. The spines,
you see, are supposed to look like the top of a feathered quill pen, of the
kind local lad Shakespeare might have used. But there the cultural connection
ends: this spiny monster will house high-end accommodation for 500 students,
mostly international, who will be able to peek out from their luxury lair
through mean, arrow-slit windows.
The GLA
planners said: "A building with a unique composition, with a striking roof
form and an architectural appearance of the highest order, consistent with the
aspirations of the London Plan."
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