Greece
hits back after EU's Schengen threat
Athens
furious at being ‘scapegoated’ over refugee crisis and fears
effect of being expelled from passport-free zone
Ian Traynor in
Brussels and Helena Smith in Athens
Wednesday 27 January
2016 18.49 GMT
Greece has hit back
angrily after being given three months to avoid being suspended from
Europe’s free-travel Schengen area because of its alleged failures
to get a grip on the continent’s mass migration crisis.
The European
commission said on Wednesday that Athens was failing to observe its
obligations under the rules governing Europe’s 26-country
passport-free travel area, known as Schengen.
“Greece is under
pressure,” said Valdis Dombrovskis, a commission vice-president.
“Greece seriously neglected its obligations … There are serious
deficiencies in the carrying out of external border control that must
be overcome.”
Greece has been the
main gateway to Europe via Turkey for more than a million people over
the past year, the majority of them from the Middle East. The influx
shows little sign of letting up, with more than 35,000 having made
the short but hazardous crossing from Turkey to the Greek islands
this month alone.
The Germans, as well
as several other EU countries taking in large numbers of migrants,
have long been furious with the Greeks for allegedly simply waving
the new arrivals through without registration and ID checks and
setting them on the Balkan route towards Austria and Germany.
But Athens responded
robustly to the criticism, instead blaming Turkey’s failure to
honour the deal it struck with the EU in November. Describing the
threat to isolate Greece as unconstructive on Wednesday, it claimed
the draft evaluation report had been conducted at a time when the
situation on the ground was different to the one prevailing two and a
half months later.
“Greece has
surpassed itself in order to keep its obligations,” said government
spokeswoman Olga Gerovasili, insisting that it was not Greece’s
fault that Turkey had failed to clamp down on smugglers’ rings and
stem the flow of refugees. “We expect everyone else to do the
same.”
EU governments made
clear on Monday that there would need to be unprecedented action
against Greece if it failed to start playing by the Schengen rules.
Wednesday’s warning from the commission confirmed that. Dombrovskis
said that a secret EU mission to Greece in November had concluded
that Athens was avoiding the Schengen rules on several fronts.
“There is no
effective identification and registration of irregular migrants,”
said Dombrovskis. “Fingerprints are not being entered
systematically into the system, travel documents are not being
systematically checked for authenticity or against crucial security
databases.”
The unprecedented
move to sanction Greece is being combined with national governments
acting to extend and prolong national border controls for up to two
years, dealing a potentially terminal blow to the Schengen regime
which has been in effect for more than 20 years and is generally
viewed as one of the EU’s biggest and most popular achievements.
The refugee crisis
and jihadi terrorism in Europe have put the system under its greatest
stress and could yet bring down EU governments. On the frontline of
the migration flows – 850,000 migrants traversed Greece last year –
Athens is furious at being scapegoated by the rest of the EU and
fears the impact of being quarantined.
The Greek foreign
ministry released statistics on Wednesday showing that 90% of the new
arrivals last year were from Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan, most of
whom would routinely qualify for refugee status. By contrast, the
commission said this week that 60% of those entering the EU currently
were “economic migrants” who were not fleeing war and not in need
of protection and should be deported.
A spokesman for the
migration minister told the Guardian that despite the cold weather
and choppy seas, about 3,000 refugees had managed to slip into Greece
every day this month.
“In that time
Turkey has agreed to take back 123,” said Kyriakos Mandouvalos,
conceding that while local reaction on several islands had delayed
construction of hot spots to process refugees they would be completed
by the end of February. “There have been a lot of technical and
political problems to get around but by the last 10 days of February
five will open on Lesbos, Leros, Chios, Samos and Kos.”
The warning from the
commission came in the form of a draft report on Greece’s
performance, which still has to be endorsed by a qualified majority
of EU governments. The commission would then give Athens three months
to take “remedial action” to safeguard its place in the Schengen
system. At the same time EU governments, with the commission’s
support, are acting to increase border controls at Macedonia’s
border with northern Greece, moves that could see tens of thousands
of refugees being kettled in Greece.
Under rulings from
the European court of human rights, EU countries are not allowed to
return asylum seekers to Greece because the conditions for refugees
there are deemed to be too wretched. But stopping them crossing into
Macedonia before heading further north would cancel out the need for
returning them.
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