segunda-feira, 29 de maio de 2023

JANUARY 12, 2023: 'A different Sweden': Authorities struggling to contain gang violence • / Gang violence at home hampers Sweden’s EU vision


Gang violence at home hampers Sweden’s EU vision

 

Wave of attacks comes as Swedish government seeks to focus on six-month presidency of the Council of the EU.

Police believe the explosive was thrown in retaliation for a New Year’s Eve shooting outside a McDonald’s restaurant in nearby Vällingby |

 


BY CHARLIE DUXBURY

JANUARY 12, 2023 4:02 AM CET

https://www.politico.eu/article/sweden-stockholm-gang-violence-eropean-union-vision/

 

STOCKHOLM — Outside an apartment block in Grimsta, a suburb on the Western edge of the Swedish capital, a mother and daughter cried out in shock as they saw for the first time the football-sized hole left by an explosive in the front wall of their home.

 

Police believe the explosive was thrown in retaliation for a New Year’s Eve shooting outside a McDonald’s restaurant in nearby Vällingby, one of several recent eruptions of gang violence across Stockholm which have left three dead, several others injured and the facades of housing blocks shot-up, charred and missing glass.

 

“We are terrified,” the mother in Grimsta said, not wanting to give her name because she feared for her safety. “We know the explosive was probably targeting one person who lives in our building, but it affects us all,” she said.

 

For Sweden’s new government, elected in September in large part on a commitment to tackle gang-related crime, the spike in bloodshed over Christmas and New Year’s represents a threat to its credibility with voters. Gang crime was the defining issue of last year’s election campaign, and new Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson’s commitment to tackle the violence is arguably the policy area that most tightly binds his minority center-right government with the far-right Sweden Democrats (SD), who back him in parliament.

 

Kristersson has vowed to deliver a “paradigm shift” in criminal justice by using, among other things, longer prison sentences to get gang members off the streets and deter new recruits. While it remains early days for his administration, there is little sign of a turnaround yet.

 

In Stockholm county alone, 126 shootings were recorded in 2022, resulting in 28 deaths, as well as 31 attacks with explosives, which was up from 23 deaths as well as 25 attacks with explosives in 2021. Countrywide, Sweden saw 388 shootings resulting in 61 deaths and 90 attacks with explosives last year; the number of deaths was up by one-third over the previous year.

 

It is already clear that the violence has continued into 2023. Last week on Wednesday, a man was shot dead at a train station in Jordbro, on the southern edge of Stockholm, and last Thursday, a bomb was thrown into an apartment block in nearby Farsta, damaging a stairwell.

 

Police suspect gang conflicts, many with their roots in competition for control of illegal drug sales, have evolved into a cycle of revenge attacks now sweeping the city. They believe the killing of a man on Christmas Day in the Stockholm suburb of Rinkeby may have triggered subsequent attacks in the city’s south.

 

Kristersson acknowledged the challenge facing police in comments to local outlet TV4 posted by his Moderate Party on social media last week and underscored his commitment to act. Europe-wide statistics are scarce for shootings and gang-related violence, but what research there is suggests Sweden has among the highest rates of gun homicides in the EU.

 

A comparative study by Sweden’s National Council for Crime Prevention released in 2021 showed that while gun homicide rates in many other European countries examined had fallen over recent years, rates had risen in Sweden, something the authors suggested could be attributed to “the emergence of a new group dynamic within the criminal milieu whereby shootings have come to precipitate one another.”

 

“We have an extensive program to deal with this, but I understand that people are impatient,” the prime minister said. “These people who shoot each other on the street aren’t going to stop because we tell them to; they need to be locked up.”

 

The escalation of Sweden’s domestic security crisis comes at a testing time for Kristersson, just as his government is beginning its six-month presidency of the Council of the EU and is seeking to raise its sights to international challenges. On January 3, as glaziers were repairing the blown-out windows of the apartment block in Grimsta, Kristersson was meeting with French President Emmanuel Macron in Paris to discuss the EU’s response to Russia’s war on Ukraine, energy security, spiking inflation and economic competitiveness.

 

“We have an extensive program to deal with this, but I understand that people are impatient,” Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson said | TT News Agency by Henrik Montgomery/AFP via Getty images

 

‘We failed you’

At the scene of the murder in Vällingby, mourners had left candles and notes, some calling for more action closer to home.

 

One anonymous note said the man who had died there had been let down by his fellow citizens. “We failed you as a society,” the note said.

 

On December 20, the heads of the three governing parties plus far-right Sweden Democrats leader Jimmie Åkesson presented a series of proposed policy changes to turn the tide of violence. One idea is to allow police to establish temporary zones where they can carry out searches for guns and explosives even when they don’t suspect wrongdoing. The belief is that such interventions, if well deployed, can prevent future crime.

 

Also, authorities believe the use of anonymous witnesses during trials, something currently not allowed, might help secure more convictions.

 

Both ideas are now under review while their likely effectiveness and impact on citizens’ existing rights are assessed.

 

In the meantime, the government is talking up its anti-gangs agenda, calling it “the biggest offensive in Swedish history against organized crime,” leading some commentators to suggest that Kristersson is over-promising on a high-profile initiative even as there are signs that voters already are losing faith in his ability to deliver on campaign pledges.

 

The most recent survey by the pollster Novus, published this month, showed support for the opposition Social Democrats is rising, while support for Kristersson and his backers in parliament is ebbing. Meanwhile, a mid-December survey of voters by Demoskop showed 62 percent of respondents said the new government was doing a poor job.

 

Domestic discontent

There have also been examples of divisions between the government and the far-right SD over criminal justice.

 

After 11 men were recently cleared by a Swedish court of charges of violent rioting, SD lawmaker Richard Jomshof, who chairs the parliament’s justice committee, called the ruling “a joke.” Moderate Party member and Justice Secretary Gunnar Strömmer criticized the statement, saying lawmakers “shouldn’t comment on individual cases.”

 

As Kristersson prepares to welcome the European Commission to a gathering in the Arctic town of Kiruna this Thursday, he will need to keep his eye on bubbling domestic discontent over gang violence.

 

While he will likely seek to show off Sweden’s best side — the media handbook for the Kiruna meeting mentions northern lights, Sami culture and a space research base — the country’s dark side in the form of street violence spreading across the suburbs of Stockholm shows little sign of fading.

 

At a makeshift memorial at the restaurant in Vällingby last week on Tuesday, three women passing by stopped to read the messages from mourners.

 

“Think of the parents, what they must be going through,” one woman said to another. “When will this ever stop?”


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