David e Cameron e
Jeremy Corbyn são protagonistas de excelência dos pecados mortais
que estão a levar a política aos infernos. O primeiro convocou um
referendo cedendo dramaticamente ao populismo e à mesquinhez dos
interesses partidários; o segundo fez-se de morto grande parte da
campanha, ignorando as consequências trágicas dessa omissão para o
seu país, para o projecto europeu e para o seu próprio partido.
Fortaleceram demónios já à solta na Áustria que terão uma
segunda oportunidade com a realização de novas eleições. Neste
país, o sistema partidário está particularmente permeável, como
foi visível no sufrágio presidencial de Maio, cujos resultados
ajudaram ao descalabro dos partidos tradicionais, que não
conseguiram fazer passar os seus candidatos à segunda volta. O
chanceler social-democrata Werner Faymann acabou por se demitir,
acossado pelas críticas, sobretudo à forma como geriu a crise dos
refugiados. Fayman, recorde-se, resolveu responder à vaga de
refugiados erguendo vedações a Sul do país e liderando o movimento
de fecho da rota dos Balcãs que isolou a Grécia. Entregue a
lideranças de tão pequena dimensão, o futuro da Europa é cada vez
mais difícil de desenhar. E como na Guerra dos Tronos, os ventos de
inverno sopram cada vez mais gelados.
Austria’s
highest court overturns presidential runoff
The
far-right Freedom Party had challenged the second round narrowly won
by Alexander Van der Bellen.
By MATTHEW
KARNITSCHNIG 7/1/16, 12:07 PM CET Updated 7/1/16, 6:27 PM CET
Austria’s far
right won a new chance to seize the Alpine nation’s highest office
after the country’s Constitutional Court on Friday overturned the
result of the recent presidential runoff, citing widespread
regulatory breaches.
The Freedom Party’s
candidate Norbert Hofer narrowly lost the May 22 ballot to the former
Green Party leader Alexander Van der Bellen. The Court’s decision
to uphold a challenge by the far-right party forces a new runoff,
which could take place in September.
“The challenge is
granted,” the Court’s President Gerhart Holzinger announced,
standing alongside his colleagues in ornate judicial robes with white
fur trim. “The runoff must be repeated in all of Austria.”
Before announcing
the result, Holzinger stressed the decision made “no one a loser
and no one a winner.”
“The only purpose
of this decision is to strengthen trust in our judicial system and
democracy,” Holzinger said.
The move is likely
to reignite the recent political turmoil in Austria, where a surge in
support for the populist Freedom Party is upending the country’s
postwar order.
Van der Bellen was
set to be sworn in next week. The decision means the country will
have no president, a largely ceremonial post, until after the new
runoff. Under the law, incumbent president Heinz Fischer has to step
down when his term ends on July 8.
Van der Bellen won
the runoff by just over 30,000 votes, winning 50.3 percent to 49.7
percent. The call for a redo promises to galvanize both sides.
A victory by Hofer
would make Austria the first European country with a far-right head
of state, a prospect that has united the country’s left and its
political establishment around Van der Bellen.
While the court said
it found no evidence of manipulation, it did conclude that some
election officials did not observe the regulations for handling
postal ballots. Specifically, a number of districts began counting
those ballots on election day, instead of waiting until 9 a.m. the
following day, as stipulated by Austria’s voting rules.
Local election
officials from the areas in question confirmed over several days of
court hearings that they had breached the rules in order to save
time. The main problem appears to be that many of the volunteers at
the polling stations were not properly trained or supervised.
Though the postal
ballot result was decisive in Van der Bellen’s victory, there’s
no evidence the early tally in some polling stations influenced the
outcome. Nonetheless, Austria’s election rules require strict
adherence to the regulations and there is legal precedent for
overturning an election on the basis of such formal errors.
The Court’s ruling
is unprecedented. Never before has a national court in a European
democracy ordered an election to be repeated.
Speaking in
Bratislava, European Commissioner for Neighborhood Policy and
Enlargement Johannes Hahn said he is not concerned that Austrians
will elect the far-right candidate at the repeat of the elections.
Hahn, who’s Austrian, said the May 22 runoff will be repeated, “but
probably the result will be confirmed.”
Sensitive to the
country’s reputation abroad, Austria’s leaders sought to put a
positive spin on the decision, stressing that it proved the
independence of the country’s judiciary.
“This is not a
time for emotion,” Austrian Chancellor Christian Kern said after
the announcement. “The decision shows that our system of laws is
robust and works very well.”
President Fischer, a
constitutional law expert, said the ruling made him proud. “It’s
an important day. Austria’s democracy passed an important test,”
he said.
Fischer said he
believes the country would learn from its mistakes by improving its
electoral laws and supervision. He compared the situation to the
infamous wine scandal in Austria in the 1980s, when it was revealed
that some producers were adding antifreeze chemicals to sweeten their
wines.
The international
outcry, which darkened the image of Austrian wine for a generation,
led to stricter rules and oversight and, ultimately, a resurrection
of the industry’s fortunes.
“Today we have
excellent quality,” Fischer said.
This article has
been updated to add a quote from European Commissioner Johannes Hahn.
Jacopo Barigazzi
contributed from Bratislava.
Authors:
Matthew Karnitschnig
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